I. Basic Classification Framework

According to the latest national standard GB/T 20776-2023, based on structure, mechanism and their combinations, while considering functional principles, hoisting machinery is divided into:

● 4 major categories

● 28 classifications

● 40 varieties

II. Four Major Categories in Detail

1. Four Major Categories of Hoisting Machinery

● Cranes

● Light and Small Hoisting Equipment

● Lifts

● Mechanical Parking Systems

Special Notes:

● Elevators belong to a separate special equipment category

● Work platforms were removed from the Special Equipment Catalog in 2014

2. Detailed Subcategories

2.1 Cranes (10 categories)

1. Mobile cranes

2. Tower cranes

3. Jib cranes

4. Bridge cranes

5. Gantry cranes

6. Railway cranes

7. Cable cranes

8. Floating cranes

9. Deck cranes

10. Offshore platform cranes

2.2 Light and Small Hoisting Equipment (4 categories)

1. Hoists

2. Jacks

3. Pulley blocks

4. Winches

2.3 Lifts (5 categories)

1. Ship lifts

2. Gate hoists

3. Construction hoists

4. Simple lifts

5. Car lifts

2.4 Mechanical Parking Systems (9 categories)

1. Lifting and traversing type

2. Simple lifting type

3. Plane moving type

4. Stacker crane type

5. Vertical lifting type

6. Vertical circulation type

7. Horizontal circulation type

8. Multi-layer circulation type

9. Specialized car lifts

III. Important Terminology

1. Basic Concepts

● Hoisting Machinery: Equipment for vertical lifting or vertical lifting with horizontal movement of loads

● Crane: Hoisting machinery using hooks or other lifting devices for cyclic lifting and moving operations

2. Main Types

● Jib Crane: Crane with a jib (excluding special types)

● Bridge Crane: Crane with bridge beam supported on rails

● Gantry Crane: Crane with bridge beam supported by legs on rails

● Mobile Crane: Self-stabilizing crane capable of traveling on trackless ground

3. Equipment Components

● Hoist: Integrated lifting unit with power unit, reducer, and brake

● Winch: Device using powered drum for lifting or moving

● Gate Hoist: Specialized equipment for water conservation projects

IV. Coding System

Hoisting machinery uses a 6-digit code system:

● Q (Hoisting machinery identifier) + Major category code + Classification code + Variety code

This standard provides unified classification criteria for the hoisting machinery industry, serving as important guidance for equipment management, manufacturing, and maintenance.